Food moves across borders every day, connecting farmers, businesses and consumers in ways that often go unnoticed. While many countries produce enough food to meet local demand, a much smaller group supplies a large share of the products traded on the global market.
New data from the World Trade Organization shows that just 10 countries accounted for nearly half of global agricultural exports in 2024. Together, they played a central role in supplying food to millions of people beyond their borders.
The figures come from an analysis of the world’s 30 largest food exporters. Collectively, these countries made up more than 80 per cent of the global agricultural export market, which was valued at about $1.5 trillion.
The findings also show how concentrated the global food trade has become. As shipping costs, fertiliser prices and geopolitical tensions continue to affect international commerce, decisions made by a small number of exporting
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