Africa is home to some of the world’s largest river systems and accounts for about 10 percent of the world’s hydropower potential, much of which remains untapped. As governments look to meet rising electricity demand, support industrial growth and reduce dependence on fossil fuels, investment in large hydroelectric projects has become a key part of the continent’s energy strategy.
Today, some of Africa’s largest hydroelectric power plants generate thousands of megawatts of electricity, supplying national grids while supporting cross-border electricity trade through regional power pools. Beyond expanding access to renewable energy, these projects have strengthened energy security and regional integration, making them some of the continent’s most significant infrastructure investments.
Here are Africa’s 10 largest hydroelectric power plants.
Ethiopia – Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam (6,450 MW)
The Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam (GERD) is Africa’s largest operational hydroelectric power plant, with an installed capacity of 5,150 MW. Officially inaugurated in 2025,
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